From Mali in 2020 to Guinea-Bissau in November 2025, and most recently Madagascar in October 2025, these events reflect deep-seated challenges that demand urgent attention from African leaders, regional organizations, and the international community. While each coup has its unique context, the broader patterns reveal systemic issues that must be addressed to foster stability and sustainable development. The stakes are high, not only for the nations directly affected but for the entire continent, as these events threaten to undermine decades of progress toward democracy, peace, and prosperity
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Originally Published in November 2012 By Wonderr K. Freeman Introduction The Liberian Legislature calls it “An Act to Sustain Democracy Through the Public Funding of Political Parties, Coalitions and Alliances, Providing for [an] Annual National Budget Appropriation to Political Parties, Coalitions, Alliances and Independent Candidates – abbreviated as the Democracy Sustainability Act. The rest of Liberia thinks it should rather be called the Act to Legalize
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